What is the Pancreas
Nestled in the right upper part of your dog's abdomen, adjacent to the duodenum and beneath the stomach, lies the pancreas – a crucial organ with dual functionalities. Positioned in close proximity to the liver and transverse colon, the pancreas orchestrates a symphony of biological processes to ensure your dog's well-being.
The pancreas wears two hats, serving both exocrine and endocrine functions. In its role as an exocrine gland, the pancreas releases bicarbonate and digestive enzymes through a duct system. These secretions journey to the duodenum, where bicarbonate neutralizes the acidic stomach contents, and enzymes spring into action, meticulously breaking down food for optimal absorption and utilization by the body.
Beyond its exocrine responsibilities, the pancreas dons the mantle of an essential endocrine gland, generating ten distinct hormones. Of these, insulin and glucagon take centre stage. Insulin plays a pivotal role in energy production, effectively lowering blood sugar levels and fostering fat storage. On the flip side, glucagon acts as the counterforce, stepping in when blood sugar drops, prompting the release of glucose from the liver and fat cells to elevate blood sugar levels. Additionally, glucagon stimulates the breakdown of fats.
Understanding Pancreatitis:
Within the intricate dance of the pancreas, the emergence of pancreatitis introduces a challenging twist. Pancreatitis, characterized by inflammation of the pancreas, manifests in two distinct forms: acute and chronic. This condition, which can stem from various factors such as high-starch diets, medications, infections, and injuries, poses a significant health concern for our canine companions.
As we delve deeper into the multifaceted realm of pancreatitis in dogs, we will explore its symptoms, potential causes, and delve into comprehensive strategies for care and recovery.
Understanding the Urgency of Acute Pancreatitis in Dogs
Acute pancreatitis is not just a medical concern; it is a life-threatening emergency demanding swift attention. This condition instigates inflammation, causing the pancreas to swell and become congested. The repercussions extend beyond mere discomfort, affecting hormone production and even resulting in cell death.
The crux of the danger lies in the inflammation of the exocrine cells within the pancreas. Ordinarily, these cells produce digestive enzymes, safely confined within ducts until they reach the small intestine.
However, when these cells succumb to inflammation and die, a critical scenario unfolds. Enzymes are unleashed into the surrounding tissue, initiating the digestion of the pancreas's own tissues. In severe cases, these enzymes may even leak into the abdomen, sparking massive inflammation and widespread cell death. The consequence is excruciating pain for your canine companion.
Recognising the Signs:
Given the severity of the situation, prompt identification of symptoms is paramount. If your dog is exhibiting signs such as abdominal pain, hunching, fever, loss of appetite, dehydration, diarrhoea, bloody stool, vomiting, or unusual lethargy or restlessness, immediate action is imperative. These symptoms should not be overlooked, as acute pancreatitis can swiftly escalate, leading to severe complications like organ failure (kidneys, lungs, heart), septic shock, or even death.
Responding Swiftly:
In the face of these symptoms, swift action is crucial. If you believe your dog may be suffering from this contact a vet, or out of hours vet immediately. Do not ask social media, seek medical assistance.
Exploring Chronic Pancreatitis in Canines
Chronic pancreatitis in dogs unfolds as a lingering and subdued health concern, differing from its acute counterpart. This enduring condition presents itself with intermittent, mild signs of illness that may include sporadic vomiting, episodes of colitis, and a noticeable decrease in appetite.
While the outward symptoms may seem modest, chronic pancreatitis can quietly advance over time, potentially leading to more profound health repercussions for your furry friend. The gradual loss of pancreatic cells becomes a pivotal factor in this progression, with scar tissue gradually replacing these diminishing cells.
This transformation sets the stage for enduring consequences, and one notable outcome of chronic pancreatitis is the potential development of type 1 diabetes or pancreatic insufficiency. The intricacies of the pancreas, vital for efficient digestion and nutrient absorption, face disruption due to the gradual infiltration of scar tissue. This interference compromises the pancreas's optimal functioning, necessitating careful and proactive management.
To navigate the subtleties of chronic pancreatitis, dog owners are empowered to recognise mild signs and take pre-emptive measures to support their canine companions. Regular veterinary check-ups and heightened awareness of your dog's well-being become crucial in addressing the persistent challenges posed by chronic pancreatitis, paving the way for a proactive and sustained approach to canine health.
Nutritional Considerations for Post-Pancreatitis Recovery:
During the recuperation period from either acute or chronic pancreatitis episodes, opting for a gentle, bland diet is beneficial for your dog's digestive system. See our recovery from illness blog here
Bone broth serves as a nourishing choice as your furry companion begins to regain strength.
Sustainable Dietary Practices for Long-Term Pancreatitis Management:
While a gradual reintroduction of a raw diet is acceptable after inflammation subsides, high-quality canned food can also be considered such as those listed here, at least in the short term. However, avoiding kibble is crucial due to its drawbacks, including high carbohydrate content, sprayed-on fats, heat processing, low moisture, and a lack of live nutrients.
Once the flare up is under control you can gradually mix low fat raw options with higher fat options, little by little to slowly increase the fat percentage fed to your dog. There is no need to remain on ultra low fat foods only long term.
Essential Supplements for Pancreatitis Support:
Incorporating essential supplements is a key aspect of supporting dogs with pancreatitis.
prebiotics and probiotics such as Adored Beasts Love Bugs, Four Leaf Rover Soil Based Probiotics, Proflax Tummy Tastic or Dorwest Herbs Tree Barks
Digestive Enzymes: These can aid in the digestion and absorption of nutrients. Prodog Raw offers the only UK Based supplement for dogs that has digestive enzymes.. Alternatively, whole food sources are:
Papaya
Flaxseed
Kelp
Chicory root
Pumpkin
Raw honey/Bee pollen
Raw dairy products
Kefir
Coconut water
Raw pancreas
omega-3 fatty acids – check out our blog about omega 3 options here, use a algae oil such as Aniforte for a few weeks until the flare up is under control then begin to introduce raw oily fish such as sardines slowly
Identifying Potential Triggers for Pancreatitis:
Understanding the diverse triggers for pancreatitis is vital for effective management. Dietary indiscretion, commonly referred to as "garbage gut," is a prevalent cause, especially during holidays when guests may offer fatty foods and table scraps. Additionally, several other factors, such as trauma, infection, autoimmune disease, cancer, concurrent hormonal diseases, certain drugs, and exposure to certain insecticides, can contribute to both acute and chronic pancreatitis.
By adopting a strategic approach to nutrition and remaining mindful of potential triggers, dog owners can actively contribute to the well-being and sustained health of their canine companions affected by chronic pancreatitis.
Understanding and Managing Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency (EPI) in Dogs
Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency (EPI) is a serious condition in dogs that, if left untreated, can lead to severe consequences, including starvation and organ failure. This blog aims to shed light on EPI, its symptoms, and effective treatment options to help pet owners navigate this challenging condition.
The Role of the Pancreas:
The pancreas plays a crucial role in producing and releasing digestive enzymes responsible for breaking down nutrients in the digestive system. These enzymes include protease for protein digestion, lipase for fat digestion, and amylase for starch digestion. When the exocrine function of the pancreas is compromised, the body struggles to absorb essential nutrients, potentially resulting in organ failure and, in extreme cases, death.
Recognising EPI Symptoms:
Chronic loose stools or diarrhoea may be the initial indication of EPI in dogs. Unfortunately, many veterinarians may initially attribute these symptoms to other gastrointestinal issues, such as parasites, delaying the diagnosis of EPI. Pet owners should be proactive in considering EPI and request blood tests to rule in or out EPI.
Common signs of EPI in dogs include increased hunger, weight loss despite eating, consumption of inappropriate substances, lethargy, and a decline in interest in activities.
EPI Treatment Overview:
Effective management of EPI involves addressing the enzyme deficiency and supporting overall digestive health.
Pancreatic Enzymes:
Vets may be able to supply pancreatic enzymes which are commonly used to supplement the lacking enzymes in dogs or consider Prodog Raw offers the only UK Based supplement for dogs that has digestive enzymes..
Raw Pancreas:
Feeding raw pancreas (pork, beef, or lamb) can substitute for enzyme powder. According to the Merck Veterinary Manual, 1 to 3 oz of raw pancreas can replace 1 teaspoon of an enzyme powder.
Avoid cooking the pancreas, as heat destroys the enzymes.
Probiotics:
Probiotics play a crucial role in balancing gut bacteria and supporting digestive health.
Choose probiotic-rich foods like fermented vegetables or opt for high-quality probiotic and prebiotic supplements such as Adored Beasts Love Bugs or Four Leaf Rover Protect
For cases of Small Intestine Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO), use soil-based probiotics, as conventional probiotics may exacerbate the condition.
Understanding that each EPI dog may have unique dietary tolerances is crucial, requiring a bit of experimentation to identify suitable foods. Opting for a raw diet proves beneficial for stabilising EPI dogs due to its inclusion of natural live enzymes, aiding in the digestive process. Additionally, feeding smaller, more frequent meals can help alleviate the strain on your dog's digestive system.
Nutrient Absorption Monitoring:
It is imperative to collaborate with your holistic veterinarian to consistently monitor your dog's nutrient absorption. As noted in the Merck Veterinary Manual, over 80% of EPI dogs exhibit a deficiency in cobalamin (vitamin B12), and some may also lack essential nutrients such as zinc, or vitamins E or K. Regular check-ups and assessments will allow you and your holistic vet to adjust the diet or provide necessary supplements, ensuring your EPI-afflicted canine companion receives comprehensive nutritional support.
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